中美核安全合作聯合聲明

U.S.-China Joint Statement on nuclear Security Cooperation
中美核安全合作聯合聲明

March 31, 2016
2016年3月31日
1. Today in Washington, D.C., on the occasion of the fourth Nuclear Security Summit (NSS), we, the United States and China, declare our commitment to working together to foster a peaceful and stable international environment by reducing the threat of nuclear terrorism and striving for a more inclusive, coordinated, sustainable and robust global nuclear security architecture for the common benefit and security of all.
一、值此第四屆核安全峯會於華盛頓舉行之日，中國和美國宣佈我們致力於通過減少核恐怖主義威脅，營造和平穩定的國際環境，並使全球核安全體系更爲包容、協調、可持續、強有力，以實現共贏和共同安全。
2. The United States and China, in this regard, are announcing the successful completion of the inaugural round of bilateral discussions on nuclear security that took place on February 20, 2016, in Stockholm, Sweden. We plan to continue this dialogue on an annual basis, so as to intensify our cooperation to prevent nuclear terrorism and continue advancing Nuclear Security Summit goals.
二、中國和美國宣佈，雙方於2016年2月20日在瑞典斯德哥爾摩舉行了首次雙邊核安全對話。我們計劃繼續開展年度雙邊對話，以便就防止核恐怖主義加強合作，並繼續落實核安全峯會目標。
3. We further demonstrate today our conviction that strong communication and cooperation are essential to nuclear security by committing to continue strong support for the work of relevant international agencies on nuclear security, in accordance with their respective mandates, through engagement of our experts as well as financial and in-kind contributions.
三、今天，通過承諾提供專家資源和資金及實物捐助，向有關國際機構根據各自授權開展的核安全工作提供有力支持，我們進一步展示了共同信念，即強有力的溝通與合作對實現核安全至關重要。
4. Together we continue to collaborate on key areas of nuclear security. In particular, we recognize significant accomplishments and ongoing engagement in the following areas:
四、我們將繼續在覈安全的關鍵領域加強合作。我們注意到，雙方尤其在以下領域取得了顯著成果，並仍在繼續保持接觸：
5. On conversion of Miniature Neutron Source Reactors (MNSR) from highly enriched uranium (HEU) fuel to low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuel, the United States and China express satisfaction on the recent LEU start-up of the prototype MNSR reactor near Beijing, China. Building on this successful collaboration, China commits to work with the United States to convert its remaining MNSR reactors at Shenzhen University. Further, the United States and China together commit to work through the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to support the conversion of MNSR reactors in Ghana and Nigeria as soon as possible. China reaffirms its readiness, upon the request of respective countries, to convert all remaining Chinese-origin MNSRs worldwide.
五、在將使用高濃鈾燃料的微型中子源反應堆改造爲使用低濃鈾燃料方面，中國北京附近的示範微堆最近已使用低濃鈾啓動，我們對此表示滿意。以這次成功的合作爲基礎，中國將繼續與美國合作，改造位於深圳大學的高濃鈾微堆。此外，中國和美國共同致力於通過國際原子能機構，儘快幫助加納和尼日利亞改造其微堆。中國重申願意應有關國家請求，對所有其他中國出口的微堆實施改造。
6. On nuclear security training and best practices, the United States and China express satisfaction on the successful completion and official opening of the nuclear security Center of Excellence (COE) in Beijing, China on 18 March, 2016. The COE is a world-class venue to meet China's domestic nuclear security training requirements, as well as a forum for bilateral and regional best practice exchanges, and a venue for demonstrating advanced technologies related to nuclear security. The United States and China commit to continued engagement on nuclear security training and best practices to maximize the use and effectiveness of the COE. China further commits to sponsor training programs at the COE for regional partners and other international participants to further global nuclear security awareness and engagement.
六、在覈安全培訓和最佳操作實踐方面，位於北京的核安全示範中心於2016年3月18日順利竣工並正式投入使用，中國和美國對此表示滿意。該示範中心具世界一流水準，不僅可滿足中國國內的核安全培訓需求，並可作爲在雙邊和地區層面交流最佳操作實踐、展示核安全領域先進技術的平臺。中美將繼續就核安全培訓和最佳操作實踐保持溝通，以最大程度發揮示範中心的作用和有效性。中國還承諾在示範中心爲地區夥伴及其他國際人士舉辦培訓課程，以進一步在全球範圍提高核安全意識，推進核安全交流。
7. On counter nuclear smuggling, the United States and China state our enduring commitment to prevent terrorists, criminals, or other unauthorized actors from acquiring nuclear or other radioactive materials. Recognizing the need for strengthened international cooperation to counter nuclear smuggling, we will continue to seek opportunities to deepen our joint efforts to investigate nuclear and radioactive material smuggling networks; detect, recover and secure material out of regulatory control; and successfully arrest and prosecute the criminals involved. The United States and China will continue to coordinate efforts to strengthen counter nuclear smuggling capabilities and share best practices with the international community, taking full advantage of the training programs sponsored by the China Customs Training Center for Radiation Detection. We further commit to continuing a discussion in 2016 on counter nuclear smuggling where our two countries can exchange views on the nuclear smuggling threat, effective tools to counter this threat, and how our governments could strengthen collaboration in this area.
七、在打擊核走私方面，中美兩國聲明，將不斷致力於防止恐怖分子、犯罪分子以及其他非授權行爲體獲取核及放射性材料。雙方認識到加強國際合作以打擊核走私活動的必要性，將繼續尋求機會，深化雙方在調查覈及放射性材料走私網絡，探測、追回脫離監管的核及放射性材料並確保其安全，以及成功抓捕並起訴相關犯罪分子等方面的共同努力。中美兩國將充分利用中國海關輻射探測培訓中心，繼續就加強打擊核走私能力開展協調，並與國際社會分享先進經驗。雙方將致力於在2016年就打擊核走私進行一次討論。雙方可藉此交流對核走私威脅的看法，應對這一威脅的有效手段，以及兩國政府如何在該領域加強協作。
8. On the security of radioactive sources, the United States and China express satisfaction on the fruitful cooperation between the two sides in enhancing the security of radioactive sources, in particular regarding recovery of disused sources and transport security of radioactive sources. We commit to further strengthen cooperation in this regard, and facilitate the sharing of experiences and best practices with other countries.
八、在放射源安全方面，中美兩國在加強放射源安全，尤其是廢舊放射源收貯、放射源運輸安全等方面開展了卓有成效的合作，雙方對此表示滿意。我們將繼續在這方面加強合作，並推動與其他國家分享經驗和最佳操作實踐。
9. The United States and China also express satisfaction on the recent signature of the Statement of Intent on Commodity Identification Training Cooperation between the General Administration of Customs of China and the Department of Energy of the United States.
九、中美兩國最近簽署了《中國海關總署與美國能源部關於開展防擴散出口管制商品識別培訓合作的意向聲明》，雙方對此表示滿意。
10. The United States and China express their strong commitment to addressing the evolving nuclear security challenge through continuing activities sustained efforts after the current Nuclear Security Summit process concludes.
十、中美兩國承諾將在此次核安全峯會進程結束後，繼續開展工作並持續作出努力，以應對不斷演變的核安全挑戰。