時事新聞:世衛建議先給醫護人員接種甲流疫苗

【英文原文】

Give Health Workers Swine-Flu Vaccine First

摘要：如果醫生和護士都得了甲型H1N1流感，那麼誰來護理染上這一疾病的人呢？在應該先給誰接種甲型H1N1流感疫苗的問題上，世界衛生組織(WHO)正是基於這一想法於週一提出了建議。

If doctors and nurses get sick with swine flu, who will take care of everybody else who catches the bug? That's the rationale behind a recommendation out Monday from the World Health Organization on who should be first in line for a swine-flu vaccine.

During a conference call Monday, a WHO vaccine expert told reporters that vaccinating health-care workers first will allow countries to 'maintain a functional health system.'

Of course, health-care workers are supposed to get flu shots every year, but many of them fail to do so - a Centers for Disease Control survey found that, in the 2005-2006 flu season, only 42% of health-care workers got a flu shot.

Others who should get high priority for the swine-flu vaccine include pregnant women; anyone over six months of age with a chronic health condition such as asthma or obesity; healthy adults between 50 and 64 years of age; healthy children; and healthy elderly adults.

What is obesity doing on the list? 'We still don't know exactly if it is obesity itself which is a risk factor or if it is other health conditions which arise because of obesity,' said Marie-Paule Kieny, director of the WHO's Initiative for Vaccine Research. 'It has been observed in several countries that people with a body mass index over 30 and even more over 40 have a higher chance of severe disease.'

The U.S. already has a plan similar to the WHO's recommendations to vaccinate health-care workers and pregnant women. Last week, U.S. Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said the U.S. is planning to launch an immunization program for school-age children.

【中文譯文】

如果醫生和護士都得了甲型H1N1流感，那麼誰來護理染上這一疾病的人呢？在應該先給誰接種甲型H1N1流感疫苗的問題上，世界衛生組織(WHO)正是基於這一想法於週一提出了建議。

在週一召開的電話會議上，一位世衛組織疫苗專家對記者們表示，先對醫護人員接種疫苗可以使各國保持醫療體系正常運轉。

當然，醫護人員每年應該打流感疫苗針，但他們很多人都沒有這麼做──美國疾病控制中心(Centers for Disease Control)的一項調查顯示，在2005年-2006年的流感季節，只有42%的醫護人員打了流感預防針。

其他應該優先接種甲型H1N1流感疫苗的人包括了孕婦，任何6個月以上患有哮喘或肥胖等慢性病的患者，50-64歲的健康成年人；健康兒童；健康的老年人。

肥胖和這個名單有什麼關係？世衛組織疫苗研究行動小組(Initiative for Vaccine Research)主管基尼(Marie-Paule Kieny)說，我們還不確切瞭解究竟肥胖本身是一個危險因素還是肥胖會引發其他健康問題。根據在幾個國家進行的觀察，身高與體重之比超過30甚至超過40的人，他們患上嚴重疾病的機率會更高。

美國已經制定了一份相關計劃，內容類似於世衛組織優先對醫護人員和孕婦接種疫苗的建議。上週美國衛生部長賽白琳(Kathleen Sebelius)表示，美國計劃對學齡兒童展開一次免疫計劃。

【詞彙學習】

1. rationale n. 理由; 邏輯依據

The plan was criticized for its lack of rationale.
該計劃因缺乏根據而遭到批評。

2. vaccine n. 疫苗; 痘苗

She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.
她每年秋季接種流感疫苗。

3. conference call n. 電話會議

When all participants are connected, the conference call begins.
當所有與會者都準備好時，電話會議就開始。

4. flu shot 注射流感疫苗

5. high priority n. 高優先級

In the American system of values, patience is not a high priority.
在美國人的價值體系中，耐心並不很重要。

6. chronic adj. 長期患病的

He is a chronic alcoholic.
他是酗酒者, 惡習不改。

7. asthma n. 〈醫〉氣喘; 哮喘

I think he's having an asthma attack.
我想他現在是哮喘病發作了。

8. obesity n. 肥胖,肥大

Nancy would be beautiful if she didn't incline to obesity.
要是南希不發胖，她就很美了。

9. immunization n. 使免除,使免疫

China's immunization achievements have been highly praised by the international community.
中國計劃免疫工作取得的成績得到了國際社會的高度讚譽。

【詞組學習】

That's the rationale behind a recommendation out Monday from the World Health Organization on who should be first in line for a swine-flu vaccine.
在應該先給誰接種甲型H1N1流感疫苗的問題上，世界衛生組織(WHO)正是基於這一想法於週一提出了建議。

in line for 表示“有可能獲得…… ”，例如：

The workers are in line for a rise in pay.
工人們有可能增加工資。

people were in line at the checkout counter; she was in line for promotion.
人們依次站在付款櫃檯前面；她有望得到提升。