日本在華汽車停產減產,自食“購島”惡果

Japanese automakers, including Toyota and Nissan, are cutting back production in China following anti-Japan protests that shut dealerships and darkened their sales outlook in the world's biggest car market.

中國的反日抗議關閉了經銷商，也使其在這個世界最大的汽車市場上的銷售前景一片黑暗，隨後日本汽車製造商包括豐田、日產都在縮減生產。

Production slowdowns are a normal feature of the auto industry in mature markets such as the United States and Japan, where they are used to keep inventories from ballooning and avoid pressure for manufacturers to offer deep discounts that erode profitability.

生產放緩是成熟市場上的汽車產業的正常現象，比如美國和日本，它們被用來防止庫存積壓和避免製造商提供削減利潤的大幅折扣壓力。

But the steps by the Japanese automakers to cut output in China are an anomaly in a market that has driven the industry's global growth for a decade and where Most automakers had been adding capacity until China's economic slowdown in recent months.

但日本汽車製造商在中國減產的舉措在十多年來一直帶動該行業全球發展的市場裏是一種異常，大多數汽車製造商一直在增加產量直到最近幾個月中國經濟放緩。

That caused production to outpace sales, resulting in larger-than-normal inventory levels at many dealers.

這使得供大於求，導致了很多經銷商超過正常水平的庫存量。

"For the time being, I think you're going to see Japanese automakers' sales in China down by 20 to 30 percent," said Koji Endo, auto analyst at Advanced Research Japan.

“就目前而言，我認爲你會看到日本汽車製造商在中國的銷量下降了20％至30％，”在日本高級研究所的汽車分析師遠藤浩二說。

"The last time we had protests like this, in 2010, the effects only lasted about a month, but I think this time is going to be different. This is going to have a serious impact."

“我們最後一次進行這樣的抗議活動是在2010年，其影響只持續了一個月左右，但我認爲這一次將會不同，這將產生嚴重影響。”

There were also signs the tensions were having an effect on other sectors.

此外有跡象表明緊張局勢也正對其他行業產生影響。

Most notable was air travel, with All Nippon Airways announcing yesterday that 40,000 seat-reservations had been canceled for flights between Japan and China from September to November.

最明顯的是航空旅行，全日空航空公司昨天宣佈從9月到11月中日航班已有40,000個座位預訂被取消。

Nissan, Japan's top automaker in China, said it would halt production at a joint venture in China from today, three days earlier than planned, and extending through next week's National Day holiday period.

日本在中國頂尖的汽車製造商日產表示將停產，在中國的合資企業從今天開始，比原計劃提前三天，並延長到下週的國慶長假期間。

Toyota plants in Tianjin and Guangzhou suspended production from yesterday through the week-long holiday, Tokyo-based spokeswoman Shino Yamada said, a few days earlier than planned.

天津和廣州的豐田工廠從昨天起以及一週長假期間停止生產，東京的發言人四野山田說，這比原計劃提前了幾天。

Production at factories in China may be further curtailed depending on market conditions, she said.

“中國工廠的產量會根據市場情況可能作進一步削減，”她說。

An insider said that Toyota was also preparing to reduce output at factories in Tianjin and Guangzhou through November.

一位業內人士說，豐田公司還準備在11月減少天津和廣州的工廠產量。

One plan under discussion would keep the factories on two shifts but shut down production on Mondays and Fridays.

正在討論的一項計劃將保持工廠的兩班倒，但在週一和週五關閉生產。

In addition, Toyota has discussed reducing production of luxury Lexus models at its plant in Kyushu, southern Japan, during October because of slower demand in China.

此外，豐田已經討論了10月份減少豪車雷克薩斯在日本南部九州工廠的產量，因爲在中國需求減少。

A senior Toyota executive in Beijing said the company would probably fall short of its goal of selling 1 million cars in China this year. In 2011, Toyota and its local Chinese partners sold about 900,000 cars.

一位資深的豐田高管在北京表示，該公司今年在中國銷售100萬輛汽車的目標可能會功虧一簣。 2011年，豐田公司和其中國本土的合作伙伴售出了約90萬輛汽車。

"It's very difficult to sell cars right now, but that's true with every Japanese brand. Not just us," said the executive.

“現在賣車非常困難，但日本的每個品牌都是這樣，不只是我們，”行政人員說道。

Mazda has decided to halt production in China tomorrow and on Saturday, giving workers two extra days off as part of the national holiday shutdown.

馬自達已經決定中國工廠明天和週六停產，給工人兩個額外的假日作爲國慶節停工的一部分。

Suzuki said it had stopped one of two shifts that it normally runs in China.

鈴木說它已經將在中國通常運行的兩班倒改爲白班生產。

Anti-Japan sentiment in China escalated this month after Japan said it decided to "buy" the Diaoyu Islands in the East China Sea from a "private owner."

當日本表示它決定從“私營業主”那裏“購買”在中國東海的釣魚島及其附屬島嶼之後，中國的反日情緒這個月逐步升級。

In protests across China, some demonstrators vandalized properties of Japanese companies, including a Toyota outlet in the eastern city of Qingdao that was set ablaze.

在中國各地的抗議活動中，一些示威者肆意破壞日本企業的財產，包括東部城市青島的豐田4S店被燒。

A senior Beijing-based Toyota sales executive said the long-term impact of the dispute on Japanese brands was uncertain. "Unlike before, when sales recovered fairly quickly, things seem very different this time," he said. "But it's still very difficult to gauge what kind of long-term fallout we are going to have."

一位在北京的資深豐田銷售經理說，此次爭端對日本品牌的長期影響是不確定的。 “不像以前，銷售迅速地恢復，這次情況似乎有很大的不同，”他說。 “但是，這仍然非常困難去評估我們將經歷怎樣的長期餘波。”

The executive, involved with sales and marketing of Lexus, said all Lexus outlets in China had reopened and were operating normally.

負責雷克薩斯的銷售及市場推廣的執行長說，所有雷克薩斯在中國的4S店已經重新開門並正常運行。

"But customers are expressing fears about owning Japanese-branded cars," he said, "and that worries me a bit."

“但客戶表示害怕擁有日本品牌的車，”他說，“而且我也有點擔心。”