歐洲各國增加宵禁等限制措施

Governments across Europe have introduced More restrictions to combat the spread of COVID-19, with a combination of nationwide and specific regional measures and curfews imposed as the continent faces its "second wave."

面對“第二波疫情”的來襲，歐洲各國政府採取了包括宵禁在內的面向全國和特定地區的更多限制措施以阻止新冠病毒的傳播。

The number of globally recorded coronavirus cases passed 40 million on Monday, according to Johns Hopkins University, and while more than half of those cases come from the US, India and Brazil, an increasing proportion of new daily recorded cases are emerging from Europe.

根據約翰斯·霍普金斯大學的統計，本週一（10月19日）全球累計新冠確診病例超4000萬例。儘管超半數病例來自美國、印度和巴西，歐洲的單日新增確診病例數所佔比例也在擴大。

In total, over 7 million cases have been recorded in Europe since the start of the pandemic, according to the European Center for Disease Control, with 241,291 deaths.

根據歐洲疾控中心的數據，自從疫情暴發以來，歐洲累計新冠確診病例超700萬例，死亡病例達24萬1291例。

After new restrictions were imposed in several countries earlier this month, Switzerland has followed Italy in imposing a nationwide mask mandate in all public spaces from Monday.

本月早些時候歐洲幾個國家實行了新的限制措施，繼意大利之後，瑞士也於本週一開始強制要求全民在所有公共場所佩戴口罩。

While not as restrictive as previous measures imposed when Italy faced a severe COVID surge earlier in the pandemic, local mayors have been given the power to close piazzas and streets from 9 pm and bars and restaurants must shut by midnight.

儘管意大利目前的限制措施不如早期疫情最嚴重的時候那麼嚴格，但是各地市長有權在晚上9點後封鎖露天市場和街道，酒吧和餐廳也必須在午夜前關門。

Ireland's government has announced that, starting Wednesday, it is returning the country to a full-scale lockdown for six weeks, reinstating restrictions close to those that were in place in the spring at the height of the first wave of the pandemic.

愛爾蘭政府宣佈，從本週三（10月21日）起，將對國家實施長達六週的全面封鎖，並恢復春季第一波疫情高峯時採取的限制措施。

The new lockdown will raise restrictions from Level 3 to Level 5, banning all house visits, closing all but essential retail stores, and requiring people to stay within a 5-kilometer radius of their homes.

新的限制措施將把封鎖級別從3級升至5級，禁止一切上門拜訪、關閉必需品零售店以外的所有商店，要求人們在以家爲中心5公里的半徑內活動。

In the UK, the four nations of Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland retain the power to set their own "lockdown" measures. In England a three-tier system remains in place, with varying restrictions imposed depending on whether an area is on "medium," "high" or "very high" alert.

在英國，蘇格蘭、英格蘭、威爾士和北愛爾蘭保留自定封鎖措施的權力。英格蘭目前實行的是三級封鎖限制措施，根據一個地區疫情的中、高或極高風險警報採取不同的限制措施。

London moved into the category of "high" alert, meaning household mixing has been banned in indoor spaces, and the authorities have not ruled out more stringent measures for the coming winter. A 10 pm curfew on restaurants and bars and a ban of more than six people from gathering has been in place for several weeks.

倫敦已經被劃爲“高風險區”，這意味着不同家庭間的室內聚會將被禁止，當局也不排除在即將到來的冬季採取更嚴格限制措施的可能性。數週前倫敦就開始實施宵禁，餐廳和酒吧必須在晚上10點前關門，並禁止6人以上的聚會。

Wales moved to impose a "fire break" lockdown for over two weeks from this Friday. All non-essential stores as well as hospitality businesses will have to close from 6 pm. In Scotland, all bars and restaurants have been shuttered to combat the spread of COVID-19. Schools in Northern Ireland shuttered for two weeks on Monday, and restaurants are now limited to take-out services only for a four-week period.

威爾士從上週五（10月16日）開始爲期兩週多的“防火牆”封鎖。所有出售非必需品的商店和服務場所都必須在下午6點前關門。蘇格蘭關閉了所有酒吧和餐廳以阻止新冠病毒的傳播。北愛爾蘭的學校從本週一開始關閉兩週，餐廳在未來四周內只能提供外賣服務。

Nine cities, including Paris, have been placed under a 9 pm to 6 am curfew in France. Over the weekend the country reported over 57,000 new coronavirus cases. And in Belgium, all bars and restaurants have been ordered to shutter for the next four weeks.

在法國，包括巴黎在內的9座城市都已實施從晚上9點到早上6點的宵禁。上週末法國報告新增新冠肺炎確診病例逾57000例。比利時下令所有酒吧和餐廳在未來四周內不得營業。

In a recent interview with ABC News, the WHO's Dr Margaret Harris said that "people did believe" that they would get a "break" in the summer during the pandemic, which may in part explain why cases have risen since Europe opened up.

世界衛生組織的瑪格麗特·哈里斯博士近日在接受ABC新聞的採訪時表示，“人們確實相信”今年夏季他們可以在疫情期間得以“喘息”，這也許能部分解釋爲什麼歐洲開放後病例增多。

"And, unfortunately, people sort of did behave as if it had gone away and it hadn't, and that's why numbers have been steadily increasing since the middle of June," she said.

她說：“不幸的是，人們表現得好像疫情已經過去了，但實際上並沒有，這就是新增確診病例數自六月中旬以來穩定增加的原因。”