90後大學生尋求理想 勇敢做起了"家政夢"

Shao Luwei tied an apron around her waist and started to skin and gut the squid. Without hesitation she finished preparing a plate full of squids in less than three minutes, after which she cut the seafood into pieces and threw it into a pan with heated oil.

邵露慰繫上圍裙，將魷魚去皮、去內臟。不到三分鐘，她便嫺熟地備好了一整盤魷魚，之後她將魷魚切片，倒入熱油鍋中。

It’s hard to imagine that such a skillful and flowing movement comes from a 22-year-old graduate. The accounting major from Yangzhou University has devoted herself to the homemaking industry, which is regarded by many as a promising but also challenging business.

很難想象一位22歲的大學畢業生竟能如此嫺熟、流暢地完成每一道工序。這位來自揚州大學會計專業的學生投身家政事業，在許多人眼裏，這是一個充滿挑戰的朝陽產業。

Well-educated homemaker

高學歷家政工

Six months ago, Shao was still working as an intern in an accounting firm, wearing a formal suit and dealing with numbers every day. But before her graduation Shao realized that her interest is not in accounting, but in homemaking.

半年前，邵露慰還在一家會計事務所實習，每天穿着正裝，與數字打交道。但畢業前，她意識到自己的興趣並非財會，而是家政。

“I used to baby-sit during vacations when I was in college,” she says. “I loved that job and my employers were always satisfied with me.” The memories of that rewarding experience made her abandon a career path that was closely related to her college major and enroll in a homemaking training program.

“大學時我常利用假期去做保姆，”她說，“我熱愛那份工作，僱主們都對我非常滿意。”正是這段收穫頗豐的經歷，讓她放棄了和大學專業最貼近的職業道路，報名參加了家政培訓課程。

“I had classes in etiquette, maternity nursing, cleaning and other aspects of homemaking,” she says. But she enjoyed the cooking course the most. “I knew nothing about cooking before, but now even my parents are surprised to see their little ‘princess’ cooking delicate food,” she says.

“我學習的課程涵蓋禮儀、孕產婦護理、保潔以及家政的方方面面。”她說。但她最喜歡的要數廚藝課。“以前，我對做飯一竅不通；現在，父母看到他們的‘小公主’燒的一手好菜也不禁大吃一驚。”

Shao is the only college graduate in her homemaking training class, but she regards it as an advantage. “Apart from cooking and taking care of the employer, I can offer money management services, too,” she says.

邵露慰是家政培訓班上唯一的一名大學畢業生，她認爲這正是自己的優勢。“除了做飯和照顧僱主之外，我還可以提供理財服務。”她說。

Uncertain future

不確定的未來

Despite Shao’s optimism, many professionals in the homemaking industry are concerned about college graduates’ passion for homemaking.

儘管邵露慰心存樂觀，但許多業內人士仍對大學生投身家政行業的熱情表示擔憂。

“Well-educated homemakers seldom stay in this industry for long,” says Xia Jun, founder of Aijun Home Service based in Shanghai. “Many university graduates who work as homemakers soon look for another job because they only regard this job as a springboard.”

上海愛君家庭服務有限公司的創始人夏君表示：“高學歷家政人員很少在這一行幹得久。很多大學生家政人員很快便會跳槽，因爲他們只把這份工作當做一個跳板。”

Zhou Wen, managing director of Zhengxianghe homemaking company in Guangzhou, believes that stereotypes held by parents and the wider society prevent college graduates from settling down in the homemaking industry. “Many parents can’t accept their child being a homemaker,” she says. “They tend to associate the job of being a homemaker with a nanny who only takes care of a child.”

廣州正祥和家政服務有限公司總經理周雯（音譯）認爲，家長以及社會廣泛持有的老觀念阻礙了大學生紮根家政業。“很多家長都接受不了孩子從事家政行業，他們往往將家政同保姆聯繫在一起。”她說。

High requirements and demand

高要求、高需求

In fact, homemaking requires much more than doing simple chores. According to Wang Jianhua, secretary general of Chongqing Home Service Association, being a professional homemaker is not as easy as many people think. “According to national standards, homemakers are divided into primary, intermediate and senior levels. Each level of homemaker should meet certain requirements,” he says.

事實上，家政遠非只做家務那麼簡單。重慶家政協會祕書長王建華表示，成爲一名專業的家政人員並不像人們想的那麼簡單。“按照國家標準，家政從業人員分爲初、中、高三個等級。每個級別的從業人員應符合一定的要求。”他說。

In order to obtain a senior level certificate, one must have at least a higher education and three years of homemaking experience. Besides, a comprehensive knowledge of household management, social etiquette, education and domestic entertainment is needed.

想要取得高級資格證書，至少要具備高等教育以及3年家政從業經驗。此外，還應具備家務管理、社交禮儀、教育以及家庭娛樂等綜合性知識。

These high requirements mean there is a huge demand in the market, with wealthy and foreign families looking for senior homemakers. Take Guangzhou as an example. Data released by the investigation team of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference Guangzhou Committee on the homemaking industry shows that 20 percent of families in Guangzhou need senior homemakers, but only 14.6 percent of local homemakers meet the requirements.

高要求意味着高市場需求，富人和外籍家庭都在尋找高級家政人員。以廣州爲例，根據廣州市政協調查小組發佈的家政行業數據顯示，20%的廣州家庭需要高級家政人員，而只有14.6%的廣州本地家政人員滿足該要求。

Under these circumstances, Shao Luwei believes that she will seize the opportunity. “I think homemaking is a promising industry,” she says. “I will start from the primary level and gradually move up toward the senior level. My ultimate goal is to open a homemaking company of my own.”

在這種情況下，邵露慰認爲她要抓住這次機遇。“我認爲家政是個有前景的行業，”她說。“我會從初級水平幹起，逐步提升到高級水平。我的終極目標是擁有一家自己的家政公司。”