翻譯中如何化繁爲簡
如果一個句子中,同樣的信息被提及兩次或兩次以上,在翻譯時要儘量避免重複表達。例如:“中華民族在漫長的歷史發展中形成的獨具特色的文化傳統,深深影響了古代中國,也深深影響着當代中國。”翻譯這句話時,爲了避免重複,我們可以用替代詞“do”進行翻譯,可譯爲:The distinct cultural tradition of the Chinese nation that developed in the long course of history has exerted a strong influence on contemporary China,just as it did on the ancient China.
再比如,“農村改革需要三年時間纔能有結果,城市的改革則需要五年甚至更長的時間,纔能有結果:”It took three years for rural reform to show results and it will take five years even longer for urban reform to do so.
如果漢語複句中的兩個字句的意思是相對的,轉折的,譯成英語時,可用替代詞vice versa,the other way round等短語來表達。例如:“爲了推動中美關係的發展,中國需要進一步瞭解美國,美國也需要進一步瞭解中國。”譯文:To promote the development of China-U.S. relations, China needs to know the United States better and vice versa.
有時還可以用意思相近的詞代替重複提到的信息。例如:“繁榮發展哲學社會科學,推進學科體系、學術觀點、科研方法創新,鼓勵哲學社會科學界爲黨和人民事業發揮思想庫作用,推動我國哲學社會科學優秀成果和優秀人才走向世界。”
譯文:We will develop philosophy and social sciences,promoting innovation in academic disciplines,academic viewpoints and research encourage people working in these fields to serve as a think tank for the cause of the Party and the people,and we will introduce related outstanding achievements and distinguished scholars to the world arena.
除此之外,我們還可以使用一些總結性的詞彙,替代重複提到的信息,使譯文更加簡潔。例如:“整頓和規範市場經濟秩序,要標本兼治,重在治本。”
譯文:To regulate and standardize the market economic order,efforts shall be made in seeking both temporary and permanent solutions with focus on the latter.