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雅思閱讀備考技巧別被那些熟悉的小詞騙了

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很多學生在雅思閱讀準備過程中只是大量做題,而忽視詞彙量的積累,另外有一部分學生在詞彙上下了一定的功夫,但是碰到的問題卻是,單詞都認識,偏偏就是看不懂意思。因此,在定位到答案所在文章段落某一句的時候,還是不能理解或是出現誤解而不能解答題目,這個是相當可惜的。下面是小編爲您收集整理的別被那些熟悉的小詞騙了,供大家參考!

雅思閱讀備考技巧別被那些熟悉的小詞騙了

  雅思閱讀備考技巧:別被那些熟悉的小詞騙了

雅思閱讀的準備過程中,後期會側重於對篇章整體架構的把握,以及針對各類題型應試技巧的掌握。但作爲考試準備的前期階段,作爲基本功的單詞,無疑需要作爲重點來進行突破。

以下主要就雅思閱讀劍橋真題部分的一些存在熟詞多義的題目進行解析:

1、drive

C4T1P1:

In other words, they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the range of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social, economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests。

這是一個複雜的長難句,一共出現了三處定語從句,一處ways in which, 一處factors which,一處activities which。

drive的主語爲連接代詞which代指的先行詞factors,提取之後變爲factors drive the activities, 這裏如果將這裏作爲動詞的drive 翻譯成駕駛,句子是完成不通順的,我們從後一處的定語從句中得知,activities指的是破壞雨林的行爲,也就是前面的社會經濟和政治因素drive了一些破壞雨林的行爲,也就是說,這裏的drive是導致,迫使的意思。

C6T1P2

選項型SUMMARY

Q24: Manufacturers of computers, for instance, are able to import 24。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 from overseas, rather than having to rely on a local supplier。

文章E段 To see how this influences trade, consider the business of making disk drives for computers。 Most of the world‘s disk-drive manufacturing is concentrated in South-east Asia。 This is possible only because disk drives, while valuable, are small and light and so cost little to ship。 Computer manufacturers in Japan or Texas will not face hugely bigger freight bills if they import drives from Singapore rather than purchasing them on the domestic market。

通過manufacturers of computers定位到E段。閱讀後我們可以知道電腦製造商集中在東南亞製造和進口disk drives而不是本國市場。如果同學對電腦知識比較瞭解的話,對於drive在這裏的理解應該問題不大。根據一定的語法知識我們看得出這裏的disk drives和disk-drive是名詞用法,可通過drive的基本含義“駕駛”進一步引申理解,“駕駛磁盤”過渡爲“讓磁盤啓動”,正確的理解含義爲:磁盤驅動器。對應到題目提供的選項“B。 components”

2、subject

我們知道它由“科目”的意思,詞彙稍好的同學還會知道它還有“主語”和“主題”的含義。我們來看下面一題:

C5T1P2

單選題 Q20 The teacher-subjects were told that they were testing whether

A。 a 450-volt shock was dangerous。

B。 punishment helps learning。

C。 the pupils were honest。

D。 they were suited to teaching。

文章A段 Specifically, Milgram told each volunteer ‘teacher-subject’ that the experiment was in the noble cause of education, and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils‘ ability to learn。

文章這裏的‘teacher-subject’打了引號,也就是說即便同學你不認識,把它當作一個特殊詞符號,不理解不影響做題。不過明顯的是,把“科目”“主語”“主題”放這裏,都不好理解。在雅思閱讀學術實驗類的文章中,subject是個高頻詞彙,作爲“實驗對象”的含義來使用, 有時會同義替換爲volunteer或participant。

C8T1P3

表格填空Q38 The results were then subjected to a 38……………………。

文章:In 1987, results from hundreds of autoganzfeld tests were studied by Honorton in a ‘meta-analysis’, a statistical technique for finding the overall results from a set of studies。

通過冠詞a我們可以知道此空填名詞單數,並且從表格縱軸同行的特殊定位詞in 1987,我們找到了定位句。但是定位句中存在冠詞a的三處,到底三處後的單詞填哪個呢。單詞不會,語法來湊,通過題目和文章的主幹結構的一致性:A be subjected to B和A be studied By B in C, 由於Honorton是人名且不符合填詞規定,順理成章的‘meta-analysis’成爲我們的選填對象。那subject to到底什麼意思呢,通過文章,我們可以知道大概是被研究的意思,查了字典我們就瞭解,正確含義爲“受…支配”。

類似的用法單詞還有:

1、state n。 (美國的)州,狀態,政府,adj。 國家的,國立的 v。陳述,說明

C8T4P1 判斷題Q8 Private schools in Japan are more modern and spacious than state-run lower secondary schools。 State-run adj國立的

C7T4P1 第5段 There was a huge initial force- five times larger than the steady state force, Gharib says。 State n。狀態

2、coin n。 硬幣, v。 創造,鑄造

C7T1P1 E段 The American zoologist Donald Griffin, who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar in bats, coined the term ‘echolocation’ to cover both sonar and radar, whether used by animals or by human instruments。 Coin v 創造(first used)

3、spoke v。 speak過去式,n 車輪的輻條(C4T1P3)

4、 tuition n。 學費,課程,講授,教學(C4T1P1)

5、 complaint n。 抱怨,抗議,疾病(C4T2P2)

6、interest v。 是感興趣n。 興趣,利益,利息(C4T3P1)

7、leaves v。 leave的動詞三單形式 n。葉子(Pl)(C8T4P3)

8、press v。 按壓,n。 印刷,新聞工作者,新聞(C5T1P3/C5T4P2)

(pressing adj。 迫切的,急切的 C7T1P2)

以上介紹的一些雅思單詞多義詞,很多都是英語(精品課)初學者都知道的詞彙,偏偏以爲很簡單的詞,但是放到雅思閱讀裏,還是難道了許多同學。英語中有相當數量的多義詞,英語最常用的4000個高頻詞根基上都是多義詞,平均每個詞都有兩到三個意思,因此在學習過程當中,一定要特意留心一個單詞的詞性和同詞性的其它含義,通過不同的語言環境和背景去理解和記憶,從而逐漸消除由於一詞多義而造成的理解障礙,提高解題效率。

  雅思閱讀技巧:做單選題必須遵循的兩個規則

雅思閱讀中的單選題實際上是烤鴨們最熟悉的英語題型,但這類題卻讓不少烤鴨黯然神傷。常常找得到,看得懂,做不對。不但浪費了時間,而且答對率也不理想。今天爲大家分析一道選自劍7P28的單選題Q27,旨在幫助烤鴨們加深對單選題出題思路的理解。解析之前,大家不妨試一下,題目如下:

The book Educating Psyche is mainly concerned with

Athe power of suggestion in learning.

Ba particular technique for learning based on emotions.

Cthe effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious.

Dways of learning which are not traditional.

對應原文:

Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning. One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.

不知大家的選擇如何,但筆者的學生基本上把四個選項選了個遍。下面我們按照常規思路來逐一分析。

讀懂題幹不難,問這本書是關於啥的。由於此題爲本文首題,且題幹中書名爲斜體,定位文章首段沒有任何問題。

選A選項的同學大有人在,並且給出了理由,原文明確指出了‘focuses on the power of suggestion’。但稍微細心點,回到原文我們發現‘One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.’這句話中,‘focuses on the power of suggestion’主語which指的是不是book呢,大部分學員都恍然大悟這句話指的是書中的theory。原文中描述對象爲theory, 而題目問的是book, 描述對象的截然不同就被小烤鴨們華麗麗地忽視了。A項的偷換主語,成功地起到了張冠李戴的作用。

B選項‘a particular technique for learning based on emotions’包含了learning 和 emotions,且都爲文中的信息,但信息不全,且干擾性遠沒有C選項大。C選項‘the effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious’在很多烤鴨眼中呼應了原文中的‘describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning’。但大家可以覈對一下結構effect of A on B, 選項中A 爲emotion,B 爲imagination and the unconscious,而原文中 A爲emotion, imagination and the unconscious,B爲learning。錯誤選項C對原文進行了偷樑換柱,迷惑了不少呆萌的烤鴨。

而正確答案D項‘ways of learning which are not traditional’貌似與原文聯繫最小,但大家只要抓住題乾的主語book, 就會發現原文‘Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning’直接給出了答案,只不過運用了‘否定+反義詞’這一同義替換手段,即將new替換爲not traditional。另外,approaches 替換爲ways,也一定程度上增加了難度。

我們回過頭來再看這一題時,有兩點需要反思。其一,我們應該把更對的注意力放在題乾的解讀上,搞清楚問題的主語是誰,就不至於總試圖在原文中多讀些信息,然後再憑感覺來選了。這樣的話,讀到原文中的第二句話‘One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion.’的前半部分識別出這句話主語爲theory時,就應該不要再讀了,因爲與題乾的提問對象不符。其二,嚴格按照原文提供的信息篩選選項。選項B和C很明顯是對原文中‘describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning’的改寫,稍作覈對,應該可以順利排除。畢竟,干擾選項在文中往往會有所涉及,要麼偷樑換柱,要麼信息不全。這時候,無端的臆想和一時的大意,都有可能陰溝翻船。

總結起來,做單選題的基本原則就是‘抓主語,文章說’。題幹主語提供了描述對象,明確了方向,而尊重文章給出的信息,就可以避免自己的一時大意和主觀臆想。

下面爲各位烤鴨推薦一道類似題目(C5P27Q36)

The writer suggests that newspapers print items that arc intended to

Aeducate readers.

Bmeet their readers' expectations.

Cencourage feedback from readers.

Dmislead readers.

原文如下:

A third source of confusion is the attitude of the media. People are clearly more curious about bad news than good. Newspapers and broadcasters are there to provide what the public wants. That, however, can lead to significant distortions of perception.

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