5個辦法讓失敗做成功的跳板

Failure can be extremely painful. Indeed, the "normal" psychological reaction to failure is to distract yourself and do something completely different right away.
失敗可能非常痛苦。事實上，面對失敗，一個人的正常心理反應是轉移注意力，立刻去做些完全不同的事情。

But extremely-successful entrepreneurs typically defy this "normal" reaction. They go back and try again at things they fail at. That's because they often believe in something I call the "failure faith," a powerful conviction that every setback offers vital lessons that could not be learned any other way. Survey research for my book Business Brilliant shows that these highly-accomplished entrepreneurs rely on failure to tell them what they're good at.
但是非常成功的企業家總是反對這種“正常”反應。他們會再試一次。這是因爲他們相信被稱作“失敗信念”的理念。這種理念相信每次挫折都會提供一些重要經驗，這些是沒法通過其他方式學習到的。我的新書《聰明的生意》中一項調查表明這些富有成就的企業家往往通過失敗找到他們擅長的領域。

So if failure is so important, how can you best embrace it? When you fail at something (a new product, a negotiation, or a recent hire), what's the best way to welcome it, and hear it out?
如果失敗很重要，怎樣才能更好地利用它？當你在某件事上失敗時（一件新產品，一次談判，或者是最近的求職），怎樣纔是迎接失敗、吸取失敗經驗的最佳方式？

Here are five ways to cope with failure and turn it into one step along your journey to sizeable success:
有5個處理失敗的辦法，能把失敗變成你在追求成功道路上的一個跳板。

1. Forgive yourself.
1.放過自己

It may sound sappy, but it won't do you any good to torture yourself over what you should have known. The Most unproductive thought in life is: "If I knew then what I know now." That's a fantasy. Put it out of your mind. Once you forgive yourself, in the words of Harvard professor Ellen Langer, you "create the freedom to discover meaning" in what you failed at. Langer likes to point out that minoxidil was a failed hypertension medication with the miserable side effect of unwanted hair growth. Researchers forgave themselves long enough to "find meaning" in the failure by developing Rogaine from it.
這聽起來可能很傻。但是用你本該知道的事來折磨自己不會有任何好處。生活中最沒有用的想法是：“如果我那時就知道就好了。”這是不可能的。記住！一旦你放過了自己，用哈佛教授埃倫·蘭格的話來說，你“能發現你失敗之中的意義”。蘭格指出，米諾地爾（毛髮生長刺激藥物總稱）是在治療高血壓的藥物造成不必要的毛髮生長的副作用中發現的。研究人員通過發明落健（藥品名）在這一失敗中“找到了意義”。

2. Talk it over.
2.找人好好談談

Find a shoulder to cry on, but not just any shoulder. Tell your sorrows only to people who have the "failure faith." Most people don't want to talk about failure because they are ashamed of it, which is why you are unlikely to get helpful support and insights from people who aren't also successful entrepreneurs. That even includes close friends and family. The truth is that there are some things that only other entrepreneurs will understand. You might be better off talking over your setbacks and frustrations with any randomly chosen restaurant owner than your close friend who holds a corporate job.
找個人的肩膀哭泣，但不是任何人都可以讓你傾訴。把你的悲傷告訴給那些有“失敗信念”的人。很多人不想要談論失敗，因爲他們以此爲恥。這其中甚至包括朋友和家人。事實上有些東西只有其它企業家才能理解。因此，你不可能從不成功的企業家那裏得到有用的支持和洞察力。你最好選擇任何一個經營餐廳的人，而不是那些從事公司工作的親密夥伴談一談你遇到的困難和挫折。

3. Be honest about what really went wrong.
3.承認錯誤

Once a deal or project falls apart, own up to what went wrong. Start all the way at the beginning. The acute failures that killed the project right at the end might have only been symptoms of chronic problems built into the project from the get-go. Maybe you were working with the wrong client, market, or developer. The real lesson might be about choosing customers and projects more carefully, not about details of the execution that went badly.
一旦一筆交易或是一個項目因爲某個錯誤失敗了，那就從頭再開始吧。讓項目在尾聲失敗的重大錯誤可能只是在項目一開始就存在。也許是因爲你是選擇了錯誤的顧客、錯誤的市場、錯誤的開發商。需要吸取的教訓是要更謹慎地選擇顧客和項目 ，而不是糾結實施過程中的細節。

4. Take responsibility.
4.承擔責任

Don't rush to blame the client or the vendor. Maybe you didn't communicate your expectations properly from the start. Maybe you avoided asking difficult questions because you wanted to close the deal. Maybe you neglected to ask the customers what they really needed. Whatever you do, don't blame your partners or your team members. It's tempting to tell yourself that they need to be different next time. But you can't control them. Assume they will remain the same, and that you're the one who must learn and change if you want the next project to work out better.
不要馬上把責任推給顧客或是銷售。也許你從一開始就沒有把自己的預期目標恰當地傳遞給他們。也許你爲了完成交易，避開了一些困難的問題。也許你忽視了詢問顧客真正的需求。不管你怎麼做，不要責怪你的夥伴或是你的隊友。告訴自己他們下次需要改進是很容易的一件事。但是你無法控制他們。假設他們仍然維持原狀，如果想要讓下一個項目順利進行的話，你纔是那個必須學會改變的人。

5. Try, try, try again.
5.再試一次!

Get back at it right away. There are good reasons why your second attempt at anything is always stronger than your first. And as long as something's worth trying, isn't it worth trying more than once?
馬上重新開始。你對任何事物的第二次嘗試比第一次要強得多是有原因的。只要這是值得嘗試的，它就值得你再試一回。

Remember, you're trying to succeed brilliantly at something most people can't do at all. You're taking roads paved with bumps, potholes, and occasional sinkholes. But what's the alternative? If the work were any easier, there wouldn't be any profit in it. So go out on a limb, every day, and sometimes the branch will break under you. But face it. You keep going out on that limb because that's where all the fruit is.
記住，你想要在大部分人無法做到的事上成功。你選擇了一條充滿了顛簸、坎坷，有時是污水坑的一條道路。但是另一個選擇是什麼？如果一項工作非常簡單，它不會產生任何收益。每天都去冒險。有時候會出現岔路，勇敢去面對它。因爲有風險的地方就有收益，所以你選擇冒險。