求生技能必備：如何從被困水中的車裏逃生？

Any car accident is frightening, but an accident in which your vehicle is thrown into the Water, with you trapped inside, is absolutely terrifying. Such accidents are particularly dangerous due to the risk of drowning.
任何交通事故都是很嚇人的，但是如果你的汽車落入了水中，而你又被困其中，似乎這樣的事故更加恐怖。由於溺死的機率很大，這樣的事故都十分的危險。

However, most deaths are a result of panic, not having a plan and not understanding what is happening to the car in the water. By adopting a brace position to survive the impact, acting decisively when the car ends up in the water, and getting out fast, being trapped in a sinking vehicle is survivable, even if it's a flooded river.
然而，由於遇事時人們很容易產生驚慌情緒，沒有處理計劃以及對在水中車子情況的瞭解，這是造成死亡的最大原因。實際上，如果可以在事故中採取安全的姿勢來減少壓力衝擊，在汽車入水時表現得機智冷靜，迅速脫離汽車，從一個被淹的汽車中生還是有可能的，即使汽車落入的是湍急的河流。
e yourself for impact. As soon as you're aware that you're going off the road and into a body of water, adopt a brace position. This is done by placing both hands on the steering wheel in the "ten and two" positions. The impact your car makes could set off the airbag system in your vehicle and any other brace position could cause serious injury in such an event. Remember, an airbag inflates rapidly, within 0.04 seconds upon being this aspect is out of the way, prepare for the next step immediately.
讓自己保持防衝擊的姿勢。一旦你意識到自己走到了路的盡頭，誤入水中，馬上換了一個防衝擊的安全姿勢，即將兩隻手放在方向盤“十點和兩點”的位置上。入水時車子受到的衝力會使得車中的氣囊打開，其他的姿勢會對你造成嚴重的傷害。記住，氣囊會在受到衝擊的0.04秒內瞬間打開，一旦你的車子開出了道路，馬上要爲下一步做準備。

Remain calm. Panic reduces energy, uses up precious air, and causes you to blank out. Panic can be left for the shore when you reach it.
保持鎮靜。恐慌會耗費能量，用盡寶貴的空氣，使你窒息而死。還是把恐慌留到上岸之後吧。
2. Undo your seat belt. The seatbelt is the first thing to attend to, yet it often gets forgotten in the ckle the children, starting with the oldest first (who can then help the others).
解開安全帶。安全帶是需要關注的第一件事，但在恐慌中人們經常會被遺忘。從最大的孩子開始（這樣大孩子可以幫助小孩子），爲他們解開安全帶。

Forget the cell phone call. Your car isn't going to wait for you to make the call and sadly, people have lost their lives trying busy getting out.
別打電話了，車子並不會給你足夠的時間求救，不幸的是，大部分的人都是由於打電話而失去自救時間喪生。先做些要緊的事吧。

There is a counter-theory that suggests the seat belt should be left on. This theory suggests that if you release your seat belt, you may, due to underwater disorientation, end up moving away from the window or door opening due to the ingress of water through the opening. Having your seat belt on could also help you maintain your sense of orientation if the car flips upside-down. On the downside, having your seat belt on can also make it harder to get out quickly and to move out.
有一個相反的理論是說安全帶應該一直保持繫緊的狀態。該理論認爲如果你鬆開了安全帶，有可能會因爲在水下迷失方向，最後由於開門或窗時受到的水下壓力而死亡。繫緊安全帶還能夠幫助你在車子完全顛倒時保持自己的方向感。
3. Open the window as soon as you hit the water. Leave the door alone at this stage and concentrate on the window. A car's electrical system should work for up to three minutes in water(not that you have three minutes of course), so try the method of opening it electronically first. Many people don't think about the window as an escape option either because of panic, lack of using the window for exit normally, or because they're focused on lots of misinformation about doors and sinking.
在入水時儘快打開窗戶。不要管門了，窗戶是重點。汽車的電子系統可以在水下工作三分鐘（當然不是說你只剩下三分鐘的時間），所以要先試着通過電子控制打開它。很多人缺乏將窗戶作爲出口的經驗以及太過專注於車門以及下沉的情況，也由於恐慌所以根本想不到要將窗戶作爲自己逃生的出口選擇。

There are several reasons for not bothering with the door. Immediately upon impact, you have only a few seconds in which opening the door of your sinking car is possible, while most of the door is still above water level. Once the car has started to sink, it is not humanly possible to open the door again until the pressure between the inside and the outside of the car has been equalized (leveled); this means that the car cabin has to be filled with water and that's not really a state you want to be in.
最好不要開車門，原因如下：面對突然遭受的衝擊，正在入水的汽車只給你提供幾秒鐘的時間來打開車門逃生，也就是當車門還在水面上的時候。一旦汽車開始下沉，由於汽車內外的水壓相等，靠人力是根本無法打開車門的。這也就意味着車廂開始充滿了水，你已經完全不會想繼續呆在裏面。

The end of the car that contains the engine will usually sink fastest, often leaving the car at an angle where the heaviest part of the vehicle is lower than the lightest. As such, you may be able to open some doors while the car is still floating.
由於發動機的原因，汽車尾部往往是下沉最快的，通常會使汽車達到一個角度，最重的部分比最輕的部分位置低。所以當車子還在漂浮的時候，你有可能打開車門逃生。
4. Break the window. If you aren't able to open the window, or it only opens halfway, you'll need to break it. You will need to use an object or your foot to break the window. It may feel counter-intuitive to let water into the car, but the sooner it is open, the sooner you will be able to escape directly through the broken window.
打破窗戶。如果你不能打開窗戶，或者窗戶只打開一半，你需要打破它。你需要用一個東西或者用腳打破窗戶。讓水進入車子聽起來似乎會起到反作用，但是一旦打開，你就能直接從破碎的窗戶中逃生。

If you have no tools or heavy objects to break the window with, use your feet. If you have high heels, these might work when placed at the center of the window. Be aware that it's very hard to break a window by kicking, so find these breakpoints.
如果你沒有工具或堅硬的東西來打破窗戶，那就用你的腳。如果你穿着高跟鞋，對着窗戶中間猛踢也許會有用。記住僅僅敲擊窗戶是很難打破的，試着去找突破點。

If you have a heavy object, aim for the center of the window. A rock, hammer, steering wheel lock, umbrella, screwdriver, laptop, large camera, etc., might all serve as suitable battering objects. Even the keys might work if you're strong enough.
如果你有堅硬的東西，就直接打窗戶的中心。石頭、錘頭、方向盤鎖、傘，螺絲起子、筆記本、大型照相機等等，都可以作爲合適的敲打工具。如果你的力量夠大，鑰匙都可能幫上忙。
5. Escape through the broken window. Take a deep breath, and swim out through the broken window as soon as you've broken it. Water will be gushing into the car at this point, so expect this and use your strength to swim out and up.
從破窗戶逃生。深呼吸，一旦打破窗戶就立馬游出來。這個時候水也會進入車裏，所以要做好心理準備，竭盡全力游上來。

Look to children first. Heave them up toward the surface as best you can. If they cannot swim, see if you can give them something that floats to hold onto, with strict instructions not to let go. An adult may need to go with them immediately if there is nothing to hold onto.
先照看孩子。儘可能的把他們託舉到最高的表面。如果他們不會游泳，看看你是否能給他們什麼東西讓他們浮在水面上，但要確保不讓他們漂走。如果沒有類似的東西，大人需要馬上和孩子們一起逃離。

If the car is sinking quickly and you haven't gotten out yet, keep trying to get out of the window. If there is a child in the car, tell him or her to breathe normally until the water is up to their chest.
如果你的汽車下沉的很快，而你還沒有逃離出來，一定要努力從窗戶逃離，如果有小孩在汽車裏，要告訴他/她在水到胸口前都正常呼吸。
8. Seek medical attention as soon as possible. The adrenaline in your bloodstream after the escape may make you unable to detect any injuries you may have sustained in the accident. Hail passing motorists who can call for help on their phones and provide you with warmth, comfort, and a lift to nearest hospital.
儘快就醫。逃生之後血液中的腎上腺素會使你不能很快察覺在事故中的傷痛。呼喊一下來往的可以用手機幫助你的摩托司機，給你提供點溫暖舒適的支持，幫你到達最近的醫院。

6. Escape when the car has equalized. If it has reached the dramatic stage where the car cabin has filled with water and it has equalized, you must move quickly and effectively to ensure your survival. It takes 60 to 120 seconds (1 to 2 minutes) for a car to fill up with water e there is still air in the car, take slow, deep breaths and focus on what you're doing. Unlock your door, either with the power button (if it is still working) or manually. If the doors are stuck (which they probably will be in most cases, with the pressure being massive), hopefully you've been busy breaking the window already, as advised in the previous steps.
在汽車穩定時逃離。如果車廂已經充滿了水，那麼它已經到了一種穩定的狀態，即動態平衡階段，你必須儘快逃離確保自己的安全。一般來說水充滿車子需要60-120秒（1到2分鐘）。當車子裏還有空氣的時候，要緩慢的深呼吸，關注你正在做的事情。用按鈕（如果還能工作的話）或者手動給車門解鎖。如果車門卡住了（由於巨大的壓力，大部分情況它們都會這樣），希望你能給快速的根據上述步驟的建議打破車窗。

Continue to breathe normally until the water is at chest level, then take a deep breath and hold your nose. Stay calm. Keep your mouth closed to preserve breath and to prevent water from entering. Swim out through the broken window.
在水到達胸部之前都正常的呼吸，接着深呼吸，捏住鼻子。保持鎮靜，閉緊嘴保留呼吸防止水流進入。從打破的窗戶中游出去。
7. Swim to the surface as quickly as possible. Push off the car and swim to the surface. If you don’t know which way to swim, look for light and swim toward it or follow any bubbles you see as they will be going up. Be aware of your surroundings as you swim and surface; you may have to deal with a strong current or obstacles such as rocks, concrete bridge supports, or even passing boats. Do your best to avoid injuring yourself on obstacles, and use branches, supports, and other items to cling to if you're injured or exhausted.
儘快游到水面。遠離汽車，游到水面。如果你不知道用何種方式游泳，尋找亮光，朝亮光遊，或者是順着氣泡上升的方向遊。在游泳的時候要注意周圍的環境，也許你會遇到硬物如石頭，混凝土橋柱甚至是過往的船隻儘可能的減少這些硬物對你的傷害，一旦受傷或感到筋疲力盡，就使用樹枝，支撐物或者其他可以抓住的東西。