感受西班牙奔牛節——要狂歡不要命的節日
The fiestas of San Fermin are celebrated in Irunea/Pamplona, in the region of Navarra, every year from the 6th to the 14th of July. They have become internationally known because of the Running of the bulls, where the bulls are lead through the streets of the old quarter as far as the bull ring by runners.
西班牙潘普洛納奔牛節是西班牙的傳統節日，在西班牙的納瓦拉，每年的7月6日到七月14日，成千上萬的遊客從世界各地涌向這裏，觀看奔牛比賽。
The fiestas are celebrated in honor of San Fermin, patron saint of Navarra, although the religious aspect would seem to have taken on a secondary role over the last number of years. Nowadays, the fiestas are seen as a mass gathering of people from all the corners of the world and where the partying, the fun and the joy of it all are the most outstanding ingredients.
西班牙奔牛節的起源是爲了祭奠守護守護神納瓦拉的神。如今看來，這個節日的宗教目的漸漸不那麼重要，來自世界各地的人們在這個時間聚集到西班牙，盡情狂歡，享受這節日的精彩和刺激。
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The Encierro ... The Running of the Bulls
奔牛
The Encierro is the event at the heart of the Sanfermines and makes the fiesta a spectacle that would be unimaginable in any other place in the world. It was born from need: getting the bulls from outside the city into the bullring. The encierro takes place from July 7th to 14th and starts at the corral in Calle Santo Domingo when the clock on the church of San Cernin strikes eight o"clock in the morning. After the launching of two rockets, the bulls charge behind the runners for 825 metres, the distance between the corral and the bullring. The run usually lasts between three and four minutes although it has sometimes taken over ten minutes, especially if one of the bulls has been isolated from his companions.
奔牛大賽是奔牛節最精彩的節目，生在別的國家，是很難想象奔牛大賽的瘋狂場面的。奔牛的目的最初是人們爲了將牛快速地感到牛場上，爲鬥牛做準備，而這個過程也逐漸演變成爲西班牙的傳統活動中最重要的一項。奔牛大賽從7月7號開始，一直要延續到7月14號。公牛們先被趕到聖多明戈街頭，當8早上八點教堂的鐘聲響起時，就意味着奔牛大賽的時間到了，隨着兩聲炮響，人們就被瘋狂的公牛們追趕着瘋跑起來，勇敢的奔牛者們要從街道跑到鬥牛場纔算結束，整個奔牛街道跑長達825米，這個過程一般會持續3到4分鐘，但有時候，有牛兒跑得不順，這個過程就可能會延長到10分鐘左右。
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Chants to San Fermin
奔牛頌歌
The bull run has a particularly emotional prelude. It is when the runners, just a few metres up the slope from the corral where the bulls are waiting, raise their rolled newspapers and chant to an image of San Fermin placed in a small recess in the wall in the Cuesta de Santo Domingo. Against the strongest of silences, the following words can be heard: "A San Fermin pedimos, por ser nuestro patron, nos guie en el encierro dandonos su bendicion." (We ask San Fermin, being our patron saint, to guide us in the bull run and give us his blessing). When they finish they shout "Viva San Fermin!, Gora San Fermin." This chant is sung three times before 8am first, then when there are five minutes to go before 8am, then three minutes and one minute before the gate of the corral is opened.
在奔牛比賽開始之前，有一些列的準備活動。在奔牛者們站在離牛欄就幾米的街口，揮舞着手中捲成筒狀的報紙，對着鑲嵌在牆裏的守護守護神納瓦拉唱頌歌，片刻沉默以後，可以聽到響亮的唱詞“我們向納瓦拉祈禱，請爲我們守護，請爲我們的奔牛節指路，併爲我們祝福。”完了以後大喊“Viva San Fermin!, Gora San Fermin.”這個頌歌在8點以前會唱三遍，然後開始倒計時，直到打開牛欄。
Rockets in the bullring
鬥牛場火炮
The third rocket, fired from the bullring, signals that all the bulls have entered the bullring. A fourth and final rocket indicates that all the bulls are safely in the corral located inside the bullring, and that the bull run has ended.
當第三枚火炮在鬥牛場放響，表示所有的牛已經進入到鬥牛場，第四沒和第五枚火炮放響時就表明公牛已經安全被敢到鬥牛場的牛欄內。
A fence of 3,000 parts
安保
For security reasons, a double fence marks out the route of the bull run through the streets. It is made of over 3,000 wooden parts (planks, posts, gates, etc.). Part of the fence stays put throughout the fiesta but other sections are assembled and disassembled every day by a special brigade of workers.
爲了安全起見，奔牛要經過的街道都是由雙層柵欄保護起來的，這些柵欄由3000多塊木頭拼湊而成，部分柵欄會在整個奔牛街結束後被拆掉，其他的柵欄在節慶時間會有工人負責靈活安裝或拆卸。
The role of the pastores
趕牛人
A large number of pastores (bull "shepherds") cover the entire bull run. They place themselves behind the bulls, with their only protection being a long stick. Their main role is to stop the odd idiot from inciting the bulls from behind, to avoid the bulls turning round and running backwards, and to help any bulls that have stopped or have been separated from their companions to continue running towards the bullring.
趕牛人在整個奔牛活動中發揮了重要作用，他們站在牛身後，手中僅拿着條長棍子保護自己，他們的作用是防止那些沒有經驗的奔牛者跑到牛身後，迫使牛反向奔跑。他們還會驅趕那些停止奔跑或是跑落伍的公牛向最終目標——鬥牛場前進。
The dobladores
終點員
Other key people in the bull run are the dobladores, people with good bullfighting knowledge (sometimes ex-bullfighters) who take up position in the bullring with capes to help the runners "fan out" (in other words, run to the sides after they enter the bullring) and "drag" the bulls towards the corral as quickly as possible.
在整個活動中，終點員的作用不可小覷，他們很多都是經驗豐富的鬥牛士（一些是退休鬥牛士），他們在鬥牛場裏選好自己的位置，幫助奔牛者們從憤怒的公牛前面解放出來，並迅速將這些公牛引如鬥牛場內的牛欄裏。
The two groups of mansos (bullocks)
兩組公牛
The six fighting bulls that will take part in the evening bullfight start the run accompanied by an initial group of mansos, which act as "guides" to help the bulls cover the route. Two minutes after leaving the corral in Santo Domingo, a second group of bullocks (the so-called "sweep-up" group), which are slower and smaller than the first one, are let out to lead any bulls that might have stopped or been left behind in the bull run towards the bullring.
將六頭旁晚會成爲鬥牛的公牛混合到其他牛羣裏面，作爲先頭軍，被首先釋放出牛欄，2分鐘以後，牛欄再次打開，放出第二組公牛，這組公牛比前一組個頭小，跑的慢，他們被曾爲‘掃後’。他們的作用是引導前頭部隊中的掉隊牛奔跑想最終目標。
