中英雙語話中國歷史名人 第20期:梁啓超

Liang Qichao (1873~1929) was the foremost intellectual leader of China in the first two decades of the 20th century.

梁啓超(1873~1929 ) ，20 世紀20年代中國知識界最重要的領袖。

Liang was a disciple of the great scholar Kang Youwei, who reinterpreted the Confucian Classics in an attempt to utilize tradition as a justification for the sweeping innovations he prescribed for Chinese culture.

梁啓超是著名學者康有爲的學生，他重新解讀了儒家經典，試圖使用傳統給他爲中國文化開出的大規模的改革措施提供依據。

After China's humiliating defeat by Japan(1894~1895), the writings of K'ang and Liang came to the attention of the emperor and helped usher in the Hundred Days of Reform.

1894年至1895年中日戰爭中，中國失敗後，康有爲和梁啓超的著述將注意力轉移到了皇帝身上，並且促成了百日維新。

During this period (summer 1898) the emperor acted on the advice of these scholars in an attempt to renovate the imperial system.

在此期間(1898年夏)，皇帝根據這些學者的建議行事，試圖改革帝制。

The suggested changes included setting up modern schools, remaking the 2,000-year-old civil service examination system, and reorganizing virtually every activity of the government.

學者們的建議包括：建立現代學校，改革延續了2000年的科舉制度，重組幾乎所有的政府行爲。

When the empress dowager Tz'u-hsi halted the reform movement because she felt it too inclusive, warrants were issued for the arrest of K'ang, Liang, and other reformers. Liang fled to Japan.

慈禧太后認爲改革涉及面太廣，就廢除了改革措施，下令逮捕康梁和其他改革家，梁啓超逃往日本。

During his exile his iconoclastic journalism affected a whole generation of young Chinese.

在流亡期間，梁啓超寫的打破舊習的文章，影響了整整一代中國年輕人。

Liang returned to China in 1912 after the establishment of the Republic of China.

1912 年，中華民國成立後梁啓超返回中國。

As a founder of the Progressive Party (Chinputang) he sided with Yuan Shihk'ai, the autocratic president of the republic, against the liberal nationalist leader Sun Yat-sen and his Nationalist Party(Kuomintang).

作爲進步黨的創建人，梁啓超與民國獨裁總統袁世凱站在一邊，反對自由主義國民黨領袖孫中山和國民黨。

Liang, however, organized a successful resistance to Yuan Shikai's attempt to overturn the republic and have himself declared emperor.

然而梁啓超成功抵抗了袁世凱顛覆民國自己做皇帝的企圖。

English translations of Liang's works include History of Chinese Political Thought During the Early Tsin Period (1930) and Intellectual Trends in the Ch'ing Period (1959).

梁啓超的作品中翻譯成英語的有:《先秦政治思想史》(1930年)和《清代學術概論》(1959年)。