雙語財經新聞 第78期:超級英雄之父斯坦李

As a teenager working at part-time jobs in New York City in 1939, Stan Lee never expected to become a legendary talent behind some of the world’s most memorable super-heroes.1939年,斯坦李在紐約市打零工時還是一個少年，根本沒有想到有朝一日他 會創作出世界上一些最偉大的漫畫英雄人物來。“I never looked that far ahead,” says Lee. “In fact, I never thought I’d get into the comic book business. I applied for a job at a publishing company and I thought they published regular magazines, which they did also. But the one place they had an opening was in the comic book department, so that’s where I went. I guess I’ve been there ever since, practically.”他說:“我從來沒想得那麼遠，也從來沒有想到自己會從事漫畫書行業。我到一 家出版公司找工作,我以爲他們出版一般性雜誌，他們的確也出版這種雜誌。但當時那個空缺是他們漫畫書部門的,因此我進到這個部門工作。從那時以來,我實際上就一餅在那兒。”And what a tenure it was. Lee, whose given name is Stanley Lieber, was quickly promoted at Timely Comics, from office assistant to writer to editor. By the time the company became known as Marvel Comics, in the 1960s, he was art director and about to revolutionize comics.多麼好的終身職位啊！李的全名是斯坦利?裏伯。他很快在快捷漫畫公司得到 提升,從辦公室助理一躍升爲漫畫作家,然後升爲編輯。該公司1960年代改名爲驚奇漫畫公司後,他已經成爲藝術部主任，一場漫畫革命即將到來。Unlike the perfect, invincible comic book superheros of other companies, Lee made Marvel's new characters flawed, more human.和其它公司創作的完美無缺、攻無不克的漫畫英雄人物相比，李爲驚奇漫畫公 司創造出一些雖有缺點、但更具人情味的新人物。“And I tried to show that even though they had super power, everything wasn’t perfect in their lives. They still had to worry about earning a living, about their relationship with other people, about their families and their health and so forth,” Lee says. “And I tried to make them real people who happened to have super powers. And apparently that little shade of a difference was the main thing that made the characters as popular as they became.”他說：“我想表達的是，這些人物雖然具有超能,但是，他們的生活並非一帆風順。他們也要爲掙錢餬口、人際關係、家庭以及健康等問題擔心。我試圖把他們刻畫 成恰好擁有超能的真實人物，這一微小的差別是使這些人物家喻戶曉的主要原The characters that Lee and the Marvel artists created are so popular, more than two billion comic books based on their adventures have been published, in 75 countries and 25 languages. For fans interested in creating their own characters, Lee has published a book called “How to Draw Comics,” which covers all the elements of the comics art form, including tools - like computers — which ware unimaginable in the industry’s early days.斯坦?李和驚奇漫畫公司的藝術家們筆下的人物受到廣泛歡迎。有關這些人物 的探險故事的2講乙本漫畫書在75個國家、以25種文字出版。斯坦·李爲熱衷於創作 自己的漫畫人物的漫畫迷們完成一本名爲《如何畫漫畫》的新書。該書覆蓋了漫畫 藝術的所有要素，包括象電腦這樣的工具。這在漫畫業的早期歷史中是無法想象 的。Looking back over his 70 years in comics, Lee seas other changes, too. “When we did the comics years ago, we tried to make them so they were suitable for every age. They were sort of G-rated. We had a lot of action, but we didn’t really have what we’d call violence,” he says. “I tried to write them so they were intelligent enough for an older reader, but a young kid could also understand them and enjoy them. Today, sometimes they become a little more gritty3, a little more dark than they had been.”回顧自己70年的漫畫生涯，斯坦·李還看到一些其它的變化。他說:“多年前，我 們從事漫畫業時，我們試圖使作品滿足每個年齡層的口味，符合大衆口味。雖然加 上了很多動作，但並沒有所謂的暴力。我試圖創作一些比較成熟的人物,不僅年齡 大的讀者能夠接受，連小孩子也能看懂和欣賞。但是，今天的漫畫人物比過去更強 悍、更灰色一些。”While comic book artwork has become much more sophisticated, Lea -who is primarily a writer，hot an artist — says that’s not enough to hold an audience. Story is everything. You could have the greatest artwork in the world, but if the artwork is depicting a story that nobody *s interested in, you’ve got nothing.斯坦?李的身份是漫畫家,而不是藝術家。他說，當今的漫畫藝術變得比過去更 高深,更精美,但是光靠這個不足以吸引讀者。故事是最重要的。你可以創作出世界 上最偉大的藝術作品，但是如果這個藝術作品所刻畫的故事情節,沒有人感興趣，你就一無所得。Interest in stories about Marvel*s superheroes is growing, especially in Hollywood. Next year, Captain America and The Mighty Thor will bring their adventures to the big screen, following in the super-footsteps of The X-Mea Ironman, the Fantastic Four and, of course, Spiderman.人們對驚奇漫畫公司的超 人故事表現出日益濃厚的興 趣，特別是好萊塢。明年繼《X戰警》、《鋼鐵俠》、《神奇四俠》和《蝙蝠俠》之後，《美國上尉》、《雷神》被搬上銀幕。Lee, when pressed, picks Spiderman as his favorite superhero, because he is become the most popular. But I really love them all, I love Ironman, I love the X， Men. I could go down the list. It’s like asking a parent who his favorite child is.當被問到自己最喜歡的超級英雄時，斯坦·李選擇了蝙蝠俠，因爲他已經成爲最受歡迎的漫畫人物，他說，但是我都非常喜歡他們，我喜歡鋼鐵俠，也喜歡X戰警,舉不勝舉。這 就好像問一個父母最喜歡自己的哪個孩子一樣。Lee is no longer surprised at the popularity of the characters he helped create, “Now I expect it. In fact, if people talk about some of the great characters in the world today and they don’t mention Marvel’s characters, I get very upset”斯坦?李對自己參與創作的這些人物如此受歡迎，已不再感到驚奇了。他說:“這是理所當然的事。事實上,如果今天有人在談論世界上最偉大的 人物時沒有提到驚奇漫畫公司的人物,我會很惱火。”As chairman emeritus，of Marvel Entertainment, the 88-year-old keeps a loving eye on his classic characters, even as he continues to create new heroes and comic universes. He supports the riot for profit Stan Lm Foundation, which promotes literacy, writing and the arts. And next year, he，II reach an entertainment pinnacle of sorts -his name will appear on one of those coveted brass and stone stars set into the sidewalk on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.88歲高齡的斯坦?李如今是驚奇娛樂公司的榮譽退休主席。雖然他仍 在繼續創作一些新的英雄人物和新的漫畫世界，但是，他對自己過去創作 的一些經典人物獨有情衷。他還支持推動掃盲、寫作和藝術的非盈利組 織——斯坦·李基金會。明年，斯坦?李將達娛樂顛峯的高度，因爲他的名字 將出現在好萊塢星光大道上一個令人垂涎三尺的由青銅和水磨石製作的 星形獎章上。