中國科技巨擘資助員工買房

China’s lofty property prices are prompting the country’s tech titans to revive old-school communist policies and help put a roof over their employees’ heads.

受國內高房價推動，中國科技巨擘正重拾舊式的共產主義政策，幫助員工安家。

While a few decades ago workers were housed in basic accommodation owned by the state, today some of China’s biggest private companies are doling out interest-free loans and subsidies to enable workers to buy their own homes.

在幾十年前的中國，職工統一居住在政府所有的住房裏。如今，一些中國大型民營企業正向員工發放無息貸款和補貼，以使他們能夠購買自己的住房。

Alibaba and Tencent, two of the country’s internet trinity, are among those helping employees buy apartments.

中國互聯網三巨頭中的阿里巴巴(Alibaba)和騰訊(Tencent)就在幫助員工買房的企業之列。

Tencent, the social media group headquartered in the southern boomtown of Shenzhen, offers interest-free loans of up to Rmb500,000 ($72,629) for purchases in Shenzhen, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou — home to some of the country’s priciest real estate — and up to Rmb250,000 in other cities.

總部在南方新興城市深圳的社交媒體集團騰訊爲員工提供無息住房貸款，其員工在房價全國最貴的“北上廣深”買房可獲得最高額度50萬元人民幣的貸款，在其他城市買房最多可貸款25萬元人民幣。

Alibaba has gone a step further, building 380 apartments on its campus in Hangzhou — an hour’s train ride from Shanghai — and holding a lottery that gave winning employees the right to buy an apartment at roughly two-thirds the market price.

阿里巴巴就更進一步了，該公司在杭州自己的一個地塊上建造了380套公寓並舉行了抽籤，中籤員工有權以市場價約三分之二的價格購買這些公寓。

While the government late last year implemented measures to cool prices, including lifting the minimum deposit required and cracking down on purchases of second homes, Chinese homes are among the world’s least affordable and those in top-tier cities rose 20-30 per cent last year.

雖然去年底中國政府採取了措施爲房價降溫，包括提高最低首付比例和限制購買第二套住房，但中國是全世界購房負擔最重的國家之一，去年一線城市房價上漲了20%至30%。

CBRE Research estimates it takes 20 years of average net household income to buy a flat in most of China’s top cities.

世邦魏理仕(CBRE)的研究部門估計，在中國多數一線城市，購買一套住房平均需要付出20年的家庭淨收入。

These costs mean “it’s a struggle for many companies to retain top talent”, says Joe Zhou, head of research at property group JLL China. But he adds that few companies have the financial might of the tech groups to make similar offers.

房地產諮詢機構仲量聯行(JLL)中國區研究部總監周志鋒(Joe Zhou)表示，這樣的成本意味着，“對於很多公司而言，要想留住優秀人才很難”。他補充稱，很少有公司具備科技公司那樣的財力來提供類似的福利。

Last year an average central Shanghai apartment, of 120-130 sq m, cost Rmb15m ($2.2m), according to property consultancy JLL, up from Rmb2.4m a decade ago.

根據仲量聯行的數據，去年，上海市中心一套120至130平方米的普遍公寓售價在1500萬元人民幣（合220萬美元）左右，而10年前才240萬元人民幣。

This is one of the biggest issues for entrepreneurs and employees in the city, known as Asia’s Silicon Valley and home to some 11m people.

在被譽爲“亞洲硅谷”、有1100萬人口的深圳，住房問題是企業家和員工要面對的最大問題之一。

“Young people?.?.?.?can’t hope to buy a home in Shenzhen,” says Glenn Zhu, founder and chief executive of Shenzhen-based Iown, who graduated 13 years ago thinking he would be a homeowner within five years. “That’s a big problem.”

總部位於深圳的埃微(Iown)的創始人兼首席執行官祝紅甲(Glenn Zhu)表示：“年輕人……不敢指望在深圳買房，這是一個大問題。”13年前畢業時他的想法是在5年內買房。

Efforts to retain staff by offering home buying incentives is not restricted to the biggest tech players. Smartphone manufacturer Xiaomi has teamed up with China Vanke, one of the country’s biggest real estate developers, to build flats in Beijing that will be offered to employees, reportedly at steep discounts.

通過提供購房激勵來留住員工的不只是大型科技公司。智能手機制造商小米(Xiaomi)已與中國最大房地產開發商之一萬科(China Vanke)合作，將在北京建房，據報道，這些房子將以大幅折扣價賣給員工。