馬來西亞航空公司將被收歸國有

Malaysia Airlines, the Asian carrier teetering on the edge of collapse after two disasters in four Months, is to be taken private by Malaysia’s sovereign wealth fund in a rescue plan that will see the airline delisted and restructured in a bid to restore it to profitability.

因四個月內發生兩起空難而瀕臨破產的馬來西亞航空公司(Malaysia Airlines)將被收歸國有。它會退市並重組，由馬來西亞主權財富基金——國庫控股(Khazanah)全面接管。

Khazanah, which is the biggest shareholder in the airline with a 69 per cent stake, said on Friday in a statement seen by the Financial Times that it had submitted to Malaysia Airlines’ board a proposal to buy out minority shareholders in a “selective capital reduction and repayment exercise”.

國庫控股此前就是馬航的最大股東，持有69%的股份。該基金在週五的一份聲明中稱，已向馬航董事會提交一份提案，將買斷馬航少數股東手裏的股份。

Minority shareholders would receive Rm0.27 ($0.08) a share, representing a 12.5 per cent premium to the closing price of Malaysia Airlines on Thursday, and a 29 per cent premium to the volume-weighted average of the shares over the past three months. Shares in Malaysia Airlines were suspended from trading on Friday.

這些少數股東將收到每股0.27令吉（合0.08美元），這一價格相對馬航股票週四收盤價有12.5%的溢價，相對其過去三個月成交量加權平均價的溢價則爲29%。馬航股票已於週五停牌。

The move comes two months after Khazanah said it had launched a “comprehensive review” of Malaysia Airlines after the loss in early March of flight MH370, which remains missing after disappearing en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing.

兩個月前，國庫控股曾表示，在馬航MH370航班失聯後已展開對馬航的“全面評估”。3月初，馬航MH370航班在吉隆坡到北京的航線上突然消失，目前仍未找到。

The downing last month of a second Malaysia Airlines aircraft, flight MH17, over Ukraine added to the urgency of a rescue plan, marking an unprecedented two disasters to befall any commercial airline in such short time span.

上個月，馬航遭遇另一起空難：該公司旗下的MH17航班在飛經烏克蘭時失事。在如此短的時間內，同一家航空公司經歷兩起空難，這在航空史上史無前例。

For Malaysia, the need for a rescue is as much about restoring national pride as it is about ensuring the profitability of its flag carrier. Malaysia Airlines, one of the oldest airlines in Asia, for decades served as a symbol of the southeast Asian country’s move to industrialised status under former prime minister Mahathir Mohamad.

對馬來西亞政府來說，援救馬航既是爲了確保這家國家旗艦航空公司的盈利，也是出於恢復國民自豪感的需要。馬航是亞洲歷史最悠久的航空公司之一，幾十年來一直被視爲這個東南亞國家在前總理馬哈蒂爾•穆罕默德(Mahathir Mohamad)領導下推行工業化的象徵。

Malaysia’s economy is still dominated by dozens of “government linked corporations” that benefit from links to the dominant ruling party, the United Malays National Organisation (Umno), which has ruled Malaysia since independence in 1957.

目前，馬來西亞經濟仍由數十家“與政府有聯繫的企業”主導。馬來西亞執政黨是馬來民族統一機構(United Malays National Organisation，簡稱“巫統”)，自1957年該國獨立以來一直統治該國。

Khazanah said the proposed restructuring would require “all parties” to work on a complete overhaul of the carrier. “Nothing less will be required in order to revive our national airline to be profitable as a commercial entity and to serve its function as a critical national development entity,” it said.

國庫控股表示，提議中的重組方案需要“各方”對馬航開展一次全面整頓。該基金表示：“要想重振我們的國家級航空公司，令它成爲一個能夠盈利的商業機構，併發揮其國家發展關鍵機構的作用，以上措施缺一不可。”

Malaysia Airlines’ timeline of troubles

馬來西亞航空公司事故一覽

December 4 1977 – Flight MH653, a domestic flight from Penang to Kuala Lumpur, was hijacked and crashed, killing 100 people

1977年12月4日 - MH653航班：從濱城飛往吉隆坡的國內航班，飛機被劫持並失事，導致100人喪生。

December 18 1983 – Flight MH684, an Airbus A300, crashed at Kuala Lumpur airport. There were no fatalities among the 247 passengers and crew

1983年12月18日 - MH684航班：這是一架空客A300飛機，墜毀在吉隆坡機場。247名乘客和機組人員無人遇難。

September 15 1995 – Two crew members and 32 passengers were killed when flight MH2133 – a Fokker F-50 turboprop aircraft – overshot the runway at Tawau airport in Borneo, crashing into a nearby village and demolishing 53 houses

1995年9月15日 - MH2133航班：這是一架福克50(Fokker F-50)渦輪螺旋槳飛機，在婆羅洲鬥湖機場衝出跑道，衝入附近村莊，毀壞53棟房屋，機上兩名機組人員和32名乘客喪生。

March 15 2000 – Flight MH85, an Airbus A330-300 from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing, was damaged and later written off when the chemical oxalyl chloride leaked from canisters during unloading

2000年3月15日 - MH85航班：是一架執飛吉隆坡至北京航線的空客A330-300飛機。當日飛機在卸貨時，容器中的乙二酰氯泄露，導致機身嚴重受損並報廢。

March 8 2014 – Flight MH370 disappeared en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing. The aircraft, a Boeing 777, was carrying 227 passengers and a dozen crew

2014年3月8日 - MH370航班：在從吉隆坡飛往北京的途中失去聯繫。這是一架波音777客機，載有227名乘客和12名機組人員。

March 24 2014 – Flight MH066, from Kuala Lumpur to Seoul, made an emergency landing in Hong Kong when its electricity generator failed

2014年3月24日 - MH066航班：在從吉隆坡飛往首爾的途中因發電機故障而緊急降落在香港。

April 21 2014 – A tyre burst during the takeoff of flight MH192 to Bangalore, prompting the aircraft, carrying 159 passengers and seven crew, to return to Kuala Lumpur

2014年4月21日 - MH192航班：這架原定飛往班加羅爾(Bangalore)的飛機起飛時發生爆胎，不得不返回吉隆坡。機上載有159名乘客和7名機組人員。

July 17 2014 – Flight MH17 from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur was allegedly shot down on the Russian-Ukraine border by a surface-to-air missile, killing all 298 passengers and crew

2014年7月17日 - MH17航班：這架從阿姆斯特丹飛往吉隆坡的飛機在俄烏邊境上空疑似被一枚地對空導彈擊落，機上298名乘客和機組人員全部喪生。