翻譯英語句子的要點
由於翻譯部分的句型結構和閱讀理解的較難句型基本類似，考試重點如出一轍，爲了讓大家更好的理解閱讀理解真題文章，提高做題正確率，下面小編就跟你們詳細介紹下翻譯英語句子的要點，希望對你們有用。
翻譯英語句子的要點如下：
翻譯英語句子的要點（一）
被動語態翻譯法
1) 變爲漢語的主動形式。
Eg:
It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.這種說法從一開始就將討論引向兩個極端，它使人們認爲應該這樣對待動物：要麼像對待人類自身一樣關切體諒，要麼完全冷漠無情。
2) 譯成具有被動意義的漢語結構。
Eg:
For all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.儘管計算機可以提供那麼多的幫助，它卻不應該被看作是基本的思維和推理技巧的替代物。
Eg:
How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.這些預測將在多大程度上爲後來的表現所證實取決於所用信息的數量、可靠程度、適宜程度以及用來解釋這些信息的技巧與才智。
3) 增添“人們”、“大家”等適當的詞做漢語譯文的主語。
Eg:
And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.許多人認爲普通人的思維活動根本無法和科學家的思維過程想比較，他們並認爲這些思維過程必須經過某中專門訓練才能掌握。
Eg:
During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.在這種轉變中，歷史學家研究歷史時，那些解釋新史料的新方法充實了傳統的歷史研究方法。
翻譯英語句子的要點（二）
分譯法
英語長句子比較多，漢語句子相對而言比較短。在翻譯時可以改變原文結構，把原文的某個成分從原來的結構中分離出來，譯成一個獨立成分、從句或並列分句。
Eg: It has been rightly stated that this situation is a threat to international security.這個局勢對國際安全是個威脅，這樣的說法是完全正確的。
合譯法
和分譯法不同，合譯法是將不同的句子成分組合在一起，使其更符合漢語的表達方法。Eg:
Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.他們說科學的發展與其說源於天才偉人的真知灼識，不如說源於改進了的技術和工具等等更爲普遍的東西。（將英語的一個句子結構翻譯成一個詞組）
Eg:
When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.這種反應並不錯，這是人類用道德觀念進行推理的本能在起作用。這種本能應得到鼓勵，而不是遭到嘲笑。（When that happens, it is not a mistake原來是兩個句子，現在組合成一個簡潔的漢語句子。）
順序調整法
一般來說，翻譯時應該按照句子原來的順序進行，但由於英漢兩種語言中定語、狀語和一些其他成分的位置不完全相同，翻譯時需要做一定的調整（例如採用倒譯法），使其更符合漢語的習慣。
Eg:
The true measure of the danger is represented by the hazards we will encounter if we enter the new age of technology without first evaluating our responsibility to environment.如果我們進入了技術新時代而不首先估價我們對環境所負的責任，我們將遇到公害，這些公害將表明危險真正達到了什麼程度。
Eg:
That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory.這種理論的核心是，我們的環境同我們的才能、性格特徵和行爲即使有什麼關係的話，也是微不足道的。（原來的謂語，在譯文中變成了在前的主語。）
翻譯英語句子的要點（三）
反譯法
一個問題有時可以從不同的角度來解釋說明。有些句子英語是從正面說的，漢語可以從反面來解釋。
1)否定譯成肯定。
Eg:
I never passed the theatre but I thought of his last performance.每一次經過那家劇院，我都會想起他的最後一次演出。
Eg:
Hardly a month goes by without word of another survey revealing new depths of scientific illiteracy among U.S. citizens.美國公民科盲日益嚴重，這種調查報告幾乎月月都有。（雙重否定
2)肯定譯成否定。
Eg:
Everyone has the right to be free from hunger.人人有不捱餓的權利。
Eg:
This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.這種困境將是確定無疑的，因爲能源的匱乏使農業無法以高能量消耗、投入少數農民就可能獲得高產的美國耕種方式繼續下去了。
Eg:
The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.把標準化測試作爲抨擊目標是錯誤的，因爲在抨擊這類測試時，批評者不考慮其弊病來自人們對測試不甚瞭解或使用不當。
幾種特殊否定句式的翻譯法
“no more…than翻譯成漢語“和……一樣不”
Eg:
The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.髒和胃一樣不能思維，都受大腦支配。
Eg:
There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much water you drink.他們沒有理由限定你吃多少維生素，就如同他們不能限定你喝多少水一樣。
“not so much …as”翻譯成“與其說……，不如說……”
Eg:
It was not so much the many blows he received as the lack of fighting spirit that led to his losing the game.與其說他輸了比賽是多次被擊中，不如說是自己缺乏鬥志。
Eg:
There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.所謂方法論是指一般的歷史研究中的特有概念，還是指歷史研究中各個具體領域使用的研究手段，人們對此意見不一。
Eg:
He is the last person I want to see in the world.他是這個世界上我最不願意見到的人
翻譯英語句子的要點（四）
定語從句翻譯法
1)合譯法:把定語從句放在被修飾的詞語之前，從而將英語複合句翻譯成漢語單句。
Eg:
Congress made public a survey of human rights in 105 countries that receive U.S. aid.國會公佈了關於接受美國援助的105個國家的人權情況調查報告。
2)分譯法:根據定語從句的不同情況，我們可以將其翻譯成並列分句、其它從句或獨立句等。
Eg:
Anyone who stops absorbing new knowledge is certain to lag behind.任何人如果停止吸取新知識，就肯定會落後。（譯爲條件狀語從句）
The strike would prevent the docking of ocean steamships which require assistance of tugboats.罷工會使遠洋航船不能靠岸，因爲他們需要拖船的幫助。（譯成原因狀語從句）
A geological prospecting engineer who had made a spectral analysis of ores discovered a new open-cut coalmine.一位地質勘探工程師對光譜進行了分析之後,發現了新的露天煤礦。（譯爲時間狀語結構）
The delivery of public services has tended to be an area where we decorate an obsolete process with technology.公共服務的提供方式已趨陳舊，這正是我們必須採用技術加以裝備的領域。（譯爲並列分句）
We now live in a very new economy, a service economy, where relationships are becoming more important than physical products.現在我們正生活於一種全新的經濟，即服務性經濟中，各種關係越來越比物質產品更爲重要。（譯爲並列分句）
主語從句翻譯法
1)以that, what, who, where, whatever等代詞引導的主語從句，可以將從句翻譯成“的”字結構。
Eg: It is important that science and technology be pushed forward as quickly as possible.重要的是要把科學技術搞上去。
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.凡是犯法的人都要受到法律的制裁。（主語從句與主句合譯成簡單句，按順序譯出）
2)也可以譯成“主-謂-賓”結構,從句本身做句子的主語，其餘部分按原文順序譯出。
Eg:
Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa（反之）often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.政府究竟是以犧牲對技術的經費投入來增加對純理論科學的經費投入，還是相反，這往往取決於把哪一方看作是驅動的力量。
3)分譯法:把原來的狀語從句從整體結構中分離出來,譯成另一個相對獨立得單句。
Eg:
It has been rightly stated that this situation is a threat to international security.這個局勢對國際安全是個威脅，這樣的說法是完全正確的。（It是形式主語，that this situation is a threat to international security是真正的賓語）
賓語從句翻譯法
由that, what, how, where等詞引導的賓語從句一般按照原文順序翻譯,即順譯法。
Eg:
Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged.科學家們有理由認爲人可以忍受遠超過0.1雷姆的輻射而不受傷害。
Eg:
We wish to inform you that we specialize in the export of Chinese textiles and shall be glad to enter into business relations with you on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.我公司專門辦理中國紡織品出口業務，並願在平等互利的基礎上同貴公司建立業務關係。
翻譯英語句子的要點（五）
狀語從句翻譯法
1)順譯法:按照原文順序翻譯。
Eg:
If the negotiations between the rich nations and the poor nations make headway, it is intended that a ministerial session in December should be arranged.如果富國和窮國之間的談判獲得進展的話，就打算在12月份安排召開部長級會議。
2)逆譯法:把位於句末的從句放在句首。
Eg:
Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.顯然，如果計算機給出的全部答案均需要覈查，花錢買計算機就毫無意義。不過，人們也應該信賴自身內部的計算能力，在認爲計算機有問題時進行復查。
3)分譯法:有時也可以譯爲並列句。
Eg: Electricity is such an important energy that modern industry couldn’t develop without it.電是一種非常重要的能量，沒有它，現代化工業就不能發展。（原文由such…that…引導的結果狀語從句譯爲漢語的並列句）
表語從句翻譯法
大部分情況下可以採用順譯法，間或也可以用逆譯法。
Eg:
My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable.我的觀點是一代人經常抱怨下一代人是不可避免的。（順譯法）
His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.他對新
聞界的看法是，記者們不是支持他，就是反對他。（順譯法）
Water and food is what the people in the area are badly needed.該地區的人們最需要的是
水和食品。（逆譯法）
同位語從句翻譯法
1)補譯法:加上一些詞,如“即”,“以爲”,或者以冒號、破折號分開處理。
Eg: That racism continues to prevail is indicated by the fact that we, intentionally or not, chose three white men to be the first men associated with the moon.種族主義繼續佔上風可有事實說明：我們有意無意挑選了三位白種人作爲首批登陸者。
2)先譯法:先翻譯從句,即從句前置。
Eg:
This is a universally accepted principle of international law that the territory sovereignty doesn’t admit of infringement.一個國家的領土不容侵犯，這是國際法中盡人皆知的準則。
Despite the fact that comets are probably the most numerous astronomical bodies in the solar system aside from small meteor fragments and the asteroids, they are largely a mystery.在太陽系中除小片流星和小行星外，彗星大概是數量最多的天體了，儘管如此，它們仍舊基本上是神祕莫測的。
3)順譯法:按照原文順序翻譯。
Eg: As an obedient son, I had to accept my parents’decision that I was to be a doctor, though the prospect interested me not at all.作爲一個孝順的兒子，我接受父母的決定，去當大夫，雖然我對這樣的前途毫無興趣。
